Dallisgrass

Dallisgrass is a light green warm season perennial. It spreads upright forming clumps with leaves that are about 1/2 inch wide. It germinates in 60 to 65 degree soils, and although it thrives in the hot and humid south, it can be found all the way up to the mid-Atlantic. The best way to remove this plant is by pulling out the clumps with your hands or a small garden tool.

http://www.weedalert.com/weed_pages/wa_dallisgrass.htm

Bermudagrass

Bermudagrass is a warm season perennial turfgrass. Its leaves are short and approximately 1/8 inch wide and have rough edges. The roots grow deep and are very fibrous, allowing the plant to survive during drought. Bermudagrass does not grow in the shade, is very tolerant of low mowing and can be found in either dry or wet soils. Physical hand removal is possible with bermudagrass, and it is also susceptible to some grass herbicides.

http://www.weedalert.com/weed_pages/wa_bermudagrass.htm

Roughstalk Bluegrass

Roughstalk bluegrass, or rough bluegrass, is a cool season, rapidly spreading turfgrass. It is light green and its leaves are shiny. During drought, it gains a bronze hue and is among the first grasses to turn green in the spring. It forms dense, irregular, circular patches that can be from 6 inches to several feet in diameter. It thrives in moderate shade and moist soils. Hand pulling is an option for removal, as is non-selective herbicide sprayed only on the roughstalk bluegrass.

http://www.ppdl.purdue.edu/PPDL/images/pannua1.gif

http://www.turf.uiuc.edu/lawn_problem_solver/solver/weeds/wd-roughstalk_bluegrass.html

Annual Bluegrass

Annual bluegrass is a cool season annual. It is an apple green colored plant that grows up to 15 inches. Its leaves grow 1/2 to 3/4 inch long and 1/25 to 1/5 inch wide. The leaves are smooth and soft with a boat-shaped tip. It can grow 1 to 3 1/2 inch pyramidal flowers as well. Annual bluegrass occurs in cool temperatures and wet, compacted soils. It responds to intense mowing and has no tolerance to extreme temperatures. To dispose of annual bluegrass, avoid excessive watering and fertilization and keep soil loose.

http://www.turf.uiuc.edu/lawn_problem_solver/solver/weeds/wd-annual_bluegrass.html

Nimblewill is a warm season perennial. It is blue-green and forms dense patches a foot long in diameter or more. Its leaves are short and flat and are about 2 inches long. In late summer, it sprouts cylindrical 2 to 6 inch long flowers on slender stalks. It is found in both shady and sunny locals and favors moist soil. When dormant, its patches become fuzzy and a faded dull brown. Improving soil drainage, reducing shade and increasing air movement are the best steps to take in removing nimblewill.

http://www.turf.uiuc.edu/weed_web/descriptions/nimblewill.htm

Creeping bentgrass is a blue-green cool season perennial. It forms puffy, dense patches of fine-textured grass. Its rough leaves are 1/8 in wide. The tip is pointed and it has prominent veins on the upper surface. In late spring or early summer, creeping bentgrass forms purple flowers. It thrives in moist, fertile areas where the turf is closely mowed. To control creeping bentgrass, avoid over watering, over fertilization and close mowing.

http://www.turf.uiuc.edu/weed_web/descriptions/bentgrass.htm

Wild violets can be either winter annual or perennial. They can grow up to a foot tall and form large, dense patches. Its leaves are kidney-shaped to broadly oval with heart-shaped bases. The leaves come from the base of the plant and are 2-4 inches wide, often cupped, and have toothed edges. The flowers appear early in spring and are white, blue, purple and yellow. Wild violets are found in moist, shady, fertile areas and are most obvious in spring and autumn when the environment is cool. To get rid of them, reduce shade and allow the soil to dry up.

http://www.turf.uiuc.edu/weed_web/descriptions/violets.htm

Ground ivy, also known as creeping charlie, is a difficult to control cool season perennial. It is medium to dark green in color and forms patches in turf. It creeps on square stems that can grow up to 2 1/2 feet in length. Its leaves are round or kidney shaped and 1/2 to 1 1/2 inches in diameter. They can be smooth or hairy and produce a minty odor when crushed. It sprouts flowers in April to June that are small, lavender to blue-purple and funnel shaped. It thrives in shaded sites with poorly drained and fertile soils, but will spread into sunny areas. The way to get rid of ground ivy is by reducing shade and soil moisture.

http://www.turf.uiuc.edu/weed_web/descriptions/groundivy.htm

http://www.turf.uiuc.edu/weed_web/descriptions/prostratespurge.htm

Black medic can be either annual or a cool season perennial. It is dark green and shallow-rooted with hairy stems that spread from 1 to 2 feet. The leaves are sparsely hairy, oval, arranged in threes and can grow 1/5 to 3/5 inch long. It blooms 1/8 to 1/6 inch long bright yellow flowers that are clustered on short stems from April to October. Each cluster is 1/2 inch long and is composed of 50 individual flowers. Black medic can be hand pulled.

http://www.turf.uiuc.edu/weed_web/descriptions/blackmedic.htm

Yellow woodsorrel, also known as oxalis, is pale green and either a cool season perennial or summer annual. It forms erect, bushy plants up to 20 inches tall. Its stems are slender and grey-green. Its leaves are grouped in three, are heart shaped and grow up to 4/5 inch across. Flowers occur during May to September and are yellow. The have five petals 1/2 inch across and are on the end of stems in clusters of 4. It occurs in moist open, fertile land, but tolerates dry conditions when established and is difficult to control, so it is best to hand-pull.

http://www.turf.uiuc.edu/weed_web/descriptions/oxalis.htm

Japanese stilt grass, or Nepalese browntop, is a pale green annual plant that grows up to 3 1/2 feet in height. The leaves are asymmetrical and lanced-shaped with a distinctive midrib and range from 1 to 3 inches long. Late summer yields flowers, and soon after fruits mature on the plant. It is found mostly in shady locations in moist or dry soil. It can be pulled from moist soil or mowed in late summer before the seeds are produced.

http://www.nps.gov/plants/alien/fact/mivi1.htm

Tall fescue is a dark-green cool season perennial. It is a clumpy, coarse, bunch-type grass with flat leaves. The sharp-tipped leaves get up to 1/2 inch wide and have distinctive veins on the upper surface. Flowers that are contained in 1 foot branched clusters form in late spring or early summer. Unfortunately, tall fescue tolerates a wide variety of turf settings, so chemical control by a professional is the only choice for removal.

http://www.turf.uiuc.edu/weed_web/descriptions/tallfescue.htm

Quackgrass is an aggressive cool season perennial. It is dull green to light blue-green in appearance and is patch-forming. These coarse textured patches can grow up to 4 feet tall. The 1/8 to 1/2 inch wide and 3 to 12 inch long leaves are soft, flat and taper to a pointed tip. Narrow and dense flowers occur late May to September. It enjoys cool weather and thrives in thin, well-drained soil. It is hard to physically remove the underground portion of the plant, but low mowing can help.

http://www.turf.uiuc.edu/weed_web/descriptions/quackgrass.htm

Orchardgrass is an upright, coarse-textured cool-season perennial grass. It is light gray or dull green with 1/4 to 1/2 inch wide smooth leaves with a boat shaped tip. It grows in full sun or partial shade but will not tolerate heavy traffic or close mowing heights. Due to its rapid growth rate and the fact that its leaves shred against mover blades, mowing more frequently, or removal by hand, is necessary.

http://www.turf.uiuc.edu/lawn_problem_solver/solver/weeds/wd-orchardgrass.html

Yellow Nutsedge is a yellow-green warm season perennial. It has upright, grasslike leaves with a glossy upper surface and dull lower surface that emerge from the base of the plant. The leaves are 1/8 to 1/2 inch wide, up to 3 feet long, and have parallel veins with a prominent midvein. Its flat topped, burr-like flowers occur July to September and are affixed to the end of a stout triangular stem. It grows in all soil types, especially moist ones, but does not tolerate shade. To remove, increase drainage in moist or wet areas.

http://www.turf.uiuc.edu/weed_web/descriptions/yellownutsedge.htm